Dr.ssa Michela Barducco

Dietista, Naturopata, Counselor e Floriterapeuta

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Alimentazione e trattamenti naturali

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Disturbi alimentari: fattori di rischio

Posted on November 17, 2012 at 10:55 AM
Sono stati individuati alcuni fattori di rischio per lo sviluppo dei disturbi alimentari, suddivisi in fattori di rischio generali (condizioni non modificabili che aumentano in generale il rischio di sviluppare il disturbo), fattori di rischio generici (presenti anche in altri disturbi mentali) e fattori di rischio specifici (presenti solo nei disturbi dell’alimentazione). 

I fattori di rischio generali sono condizioni non modificabili che aumentano in generale il rischio di sviluppare il disturbo, quali il sesso femminile, l’adolescenza o la prima età adulta e il fatto di vivere in una società occidentale.

Tra i fattori di rischio generici (presenti anche in altri disturbi mentali) abbiamo alcune caratteristiche dell’infanzia (come l’accondiscendenza), la presenza di disturbi psichiatrici, la presenza di problematiche relazionali in famiglia, di abusi sessuali o fisici o di eventi distruttivi (quali la malattia cronica o la morte di un genitore).
 
Tra i fattori di rischio specifici (presenti solo nei disturbi dell’alimentazione) abbiamo la presenza di disturbi dell’alimentazione in famiglia, nei genitori o in altri parenti, e il rischio di fare diete. La ricerca ha infatti dimostrato che il fatto di seguire una dieta aumenta il rischio di sviluppare un disturbo dell’alimentazione, tale rischio è tuttavia aumentato anche nel caso di obesità
Il rischio di fare diete risulta aumentato quando un membro della famiglia è a dieta per il peso o forme corporee o anche per altri motivi, quando vi sono critiche o commenti ripetuti di familiari o di altre persone esterne alla famiglia su alimentazione, peso e forme corporee, nel caso di prese in giro per peso, forme corporee e alimentazione, in caso di obesità personale nell'infanzia o obesità dei genitori e nel caso in cui si frequentino ambienti che enfatizzano la magrezza (ad esempio danza, sport, moda). 
Tra i fattori di rischio per lo sviluppo di disturbi alimentari abbiamo anche la presenza di difficoltà alimentari precoci

Naturalmente nessuno di questi fattori è sufficiente da solo per provocare la comparsa del disturbo; si tratta semplicemente di condizioni che, se presenti, ne aumentano la probabilità di comparsa.
Una vera e propria causa dei disturbi alimentari infatti non è stata individuata.

Categories: Disturbi del comportamento alimentare: Anoressia e Bulimia Nervosa, Disturbi Alimentari Atipici

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